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Friday, 4 July 2014

Operation Feed the Nation (OFN)

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Operation feed the nation was introduced by the federal military government headed by General Olusegun Obasanjo in 1976. OFN was launched on 20th May, 1976. It was recognized  after the war precisely in the mid-seventies that most of the fundamental economic problems such as  youth unemployment, inflation and rural-urban migration stemmed mainly from the neglect of the agricultural sector. Hence, the government considered it necessary to mount a nationwide campaign and appeal with emotional flavor addressed to all Nigerians to take to farming in order “to feed themselves to feed the nation”. It had the specific focus to increasing food production on the premise that availability of cheap food would ensure a higher nutrition level and invariably lead to national development.
The objectives of the scheme as state by the head of state at the launching include:
1.                 To mobilize the nation towards self sufficiency and self reliance in food
2.                 To encourage the section of the population which relies on buying food to grow its own food.
3.                 To create a general pride in agriculture through the realization  that a  nation  which  cannot  feed  itself cannot be proud
4.                 To encourage balanced nutrition and thereby produce a healthy nation.
The areas of focus under the program include; fertilizer procurement and distribution, pest control, use of improved seed grains, tubers and vegetables, livestock feed, poultry, fisheries, guaranteed minimum price for crop and equipment.
OFN lasted till the civilian government of Alhaji Shehu Shagari in 1979. Although the Operation Feed the Nation succeeded to some extent in arousing national concern for the growing decline in food producing, it failed to encourage increased agricultural productivity on a more sustainable basis.
Green Revolution
As a follow up to the operation feed the Nation Scheme, the green revolution program was launched by the Shagari –led civilian administration in April 1980 with the following objectives.
1.                 To increase the production of food and other raw materials to meet the needs of growing population and rising goal of attaining self-sufficiency in basic food staples in about five years.
2.                 To increase the production of livestock and fish to meet domestic demand and create surplus for export.
3.                 To increase the production and processing of export crops with a view to expanding and diversifying the country’s foreign exchange earnings with the aim of restoring our crop export capability in about seven years.
Under the green revolution program serious efforts were made to correct some of the lapses in the OFN programe such as in the supply of fertilizer to farmers at the right time and in the provision of storage facilities. More importantly, there was a more sustained and co-ordinate campaign aimed at mobilizing the vast majority of Nigerians towards cultivating every available piece of land, grow vegetables and establish poultry units at their backyards. Schools at all levels were also encouraged to establish viable farms and produce food for schools’ consumption and for sale.  
Green revolution programme was too theoretical and suffered setback due to problems bordering on finance, input supplies, distribution and inadequate credit to farmers.
Although there were initial vigorous pest control programme in the northern areas involving the use helicopters and ground spraying equipment, mechanized farming through the green revolution failed as few of requisite equipment were supplied by government. There was also general lack of basic infrastructural facilities in the rural areas.  
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